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24-29 августа 2015 г. Существуют ли консервативные морфологические признаки у шовных диатомовых (Bacillariophyceae)? Примеры гомоплазии и пересмотр группы Pyrenophoreae, описанной Мережковским
Kociolek J.P., Hamsher S.E., Stepanek J.G., Thomas E.W.
Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
УДК 582.261.5
В работе представлены разные подходы, используемые в классификации шовных диатомовых водорослей. Приведена характеристика и состав группы Pyrenophoreae, описанной Мережковским. Ключевые слова: шовные диатомовые водоросли; Bacillariophyceae; гомоплазия; Мережковский; Pyrenophoreae.
A number of systems have been developed to organize and classify the raphid diatoms, at a variety of taxonomic and systematic hierarchies. These classification systems, developed by diatom taxonomists and systematists such as Agardh (1824), Pfitzer (1871), Petit (1877) and Mereschkowsky (1902, 1903a), sought single or a few morphological or cytological features to organize this diverse clade. Features such as valve or frustule symmetry, canal raphe, number of raphe systems per valve or frustule, chloroplast number and arrangement, and a wide range of special valve (e.g. longitudinal canals, pseudosepta, and stigmata) or girdle (locules and septa) structures have been used to develop classification systems at high (Order) to specific (Genus) levels for raphid diatoms. A multi-gene phylogeny of the diatoms is presented, demonstrating that many of the features used to organize variation in diatoms have evolved more than once in the Bacillariophyceae. Specific details on phylogenetic relationships, based on both morphological and molecular data, are presented for the canal raphe diatoms, amphoroid diatoms, freshwater cymbelloid and gomphonemoid diatoms, Rhoicosphenia, Diprora and monoraphid diatoms. These groups are used as case studies to illustrate the multiple origins of similar features within the raphid diatoms and demonstrate the inherent homoplasy of many features. In contrast to the above-mentioned diatom groups based on homoplasies, the Pyrenophoreae, as described by Mereschkowsky (1903b), appear to be a monophyletic group. Pyrenophoreae are characterized by a unique single chloroplast arrangement as well as a distinctive pyrenoid. This clade contains naviculoid, cymbelloid and gomphonemoid diatoms, including taxa that have 1, 2, or 1 regular and 1 reduced raphe system per frustule, and its members exhibit numerous valve innovations. We further examine Mereschkowsky’s little-mentioned group, suggest some modifications to its membership, and discuss hypotheses about the evolution of features within the Bacillariophyceae.
Список литературы 1. Agardh C.A. Systema Algarum. – Lundae: Literis Berlingianis, 1824. – 312 p. 2. Mereschkowsky C. On the classification of diatoms // Annals and Magazine of Natural History. – 1902. – Vol. 9. – P. 65–68. 3. Mereschkowsky C. Nouvelles recherches sur la structure et la division des Diatomées // Bulletin de Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, N.S. – 1903a. – Vol. 17. – P. 149–172. 4. Mereschkowsky C. Les types de l’endochrome chez les diatomées // Botanicheskii Zapiski. Izdaniya pri Botanicheskom Sade Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Universiteta. – 1903b. – Vol. 21. – P. 1–106. 5. Petit P. An essay on the classification of the Diatomaceae (with descriptions of some new species) // Monthly Microscopical Journal, London. – 1877. – Vol. 18. – P. 10–14. 6. Pfitzer E. Untersuchungen uber Bau und Entwicklung der Bacillariaceen (Diatomaceen). Botanische Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Morphologie und Physiologie, 1871. – 189 p. Статья поступила в редакцию 1.09.2015
Are there conservative morphological characters in the raphid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)? Examples of homoplasy and Mereschkowsky’s Pyrenophoreae revisited Kociolek J.P. , Hamsher S.E., Stepanek J.G., Thomas E.W. Different approaches used in the classification of the raphid diatoms are described. Diagnostic features and species composition of the Pyrenophoreae group, described by Mereshkowsky, are discussed. Key words: raphid diatoms; Bacillariophyceae; homoplasy; Mereschkowsky; Pyrenophoreae.
Об авторах Коциолек Джон Патрик – Kociolek John Patrick профессор, PhD, Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA (Музей естественной истории и Кафедра экологии и эволюционной биологии, Университета Колорадо, Боулдер, США) Hamsher Saraha E. Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA (Музей естественной истории и Кафедра экологии и эволюционной биологии, Университета Колорадо, Боулдер, США) Stepanek Joshua G. Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA (Музей естественной истории и Кафедра экологии и эволюционной биологии, Университета Колорадо, Боулдер, США) Thomas Evan W. Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA (Музей естественной истории и Кафедра экологии и эволюционной биологии, Университета Колорадо, Боулдер, США) Корреспондентский адрес: USA, CO 80309-0334, Boulder
ССЫЛКА НА СТАТЬЮ: Kociolek J.P. , Hamsher S.E. , Stepanek J.G. , Thomas E.W. Are there conservative morphological characters in the raphid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)? Examples of homoplasy and Mereschkowsky’s Pyrenophoreae revisited [Существуют ли консервативные морфологические признаки у шовных диатомовых (Bacillariophyceae)? Примеры гомоплазии и пересмотр группы Pyrenophoreae, описанной Мережковским] // Вопросы современной альгологии (Issues of modern algology). 2015. № 3 (10). URL: http://algology.ru/807
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