Романов Р.Е.^1,2, Судницына Д.Н.³

Roman E. Romanov, Diana N. Sudnitsyna

¹Ботанический институт имени В.Л. Комарова РАН (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)
²Институт водных и экологических проблем Сибирского отделения РАН (Барнаул, Россия)
³Псковский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института
рыбного хозяйства и океанографии – ВНИРО (Псков, Россия)

УДК 574.583

Впервые в России достоверно обнаружен вид Nitella capillaris, ранее известный лишь по двум непроверяемым указаниям девятнадцатого века для Калининградской и Курской областей. Новое и пока единственное местонахождение в Псковской области является самым северо-восточным в ареале вида. Вид предложен к охране на территории России.

Ключевые слова: Characeae; Nitella capillaris; распространение; охрана; Красная книга; Псковская область; Европейская часть России

The species Nitella capillaris was reliably found in Russia. It was earlier known from two uncheckable records of ninetieth century from Kaliningrad and Kursk Oblasts. Its new locality in Pskov Oblast is the north-easternmost one in species distribution range. The species was suggested for protection in Russia.

Ключевые слова: Characeae; Nitella capillaris; istribution; protection; the Red Data Book; Pskov Oblast; European Russia

Charophytes (Charales, Charophyceae) are easily recognizable group of macroscopic algae but species delineations of some of them could be tricky. This is one of the most threatened plant groups in Europe (Armleuchteralgen…, 2016). The species composition and distribution of charophytes are evidently not evenly known for main natural regions of Russia. This is significantly hampering protection both individual species and important charophyte areas. Some species are  known  from  one or few localities only and their  presence at the country  need to be confirmed. Nitella capillaris (Krock.) J. Groves et Bull.-Webst. is one of the best examples of these species. It was known from two regions only and both records belong to XIX century. We aimed to clarify presence of N. capillaris in Russia.

Material and methods

The first author checked collection of some European herbaria (B, BCN, COI, GARIN, H, IBIW, KLGU, KPABG, L, LE, LISU, MA, MW, NNSU, PSK, PVB, SARAT, SYKO, W (their acronyms follows Thiers (2021), and some smaller collections) in attempt to find another specimens of this species collected from recent territory of Russia. Only single specimen of N. capillaris collected in 2015 was found in PSK.

Results and discussion

Specimen examined (figure):
Pskov Oblast [Strugo-Krasnensky District], the settlement of Strugi Krasnye, Lake Peschanoe, near the shore together with other hydrophytes, 23.07.2015, O.V. Likhachyova (PSK).

Description of the specimen:
The plants are dioecious, heavily incrusted with calcite, with subtle tendency for formation of apical heads, up to 8 cm length. The upper parts are covered with small calcite grains attached to the continuous mucilaginous layer entirely covering branchlets and internodes (Fig. 3, 4). The branchlets are single furcate, the upper ones are arcuate and short. The dactyls are single-celled with typical pointed incrassate ends (Fig. 1, 3–6). Oospores are ripe, very dark brown, with flanged ribs (Fig. 4), 465–482 x 426 μm, 294 μm thick (excl. ribs) and 680–695 x 582 μm, 507 μm thick (incl. ribs). The specimens are in a good agreement with species description (Armleuchteralgen…, 2016). The cells protruding from the stem node and surrounding basal cells of branchlets (Fig. 2) are known for species of Nitella from different sections (Romanov et al., 2020).

The Lake Peschanoe is under obvious impact of recreation because of proximity to the settlement of Strugi Krasnye. Therefore, stability of population of N. capillaris is questionable and need to be checked in future. But the partial physical disturbance of aquatic vegetation e.g. during bathing, is actual for this lake and seems to be desirable for successful maintenance of this species (Armleuchteralgen…, 2016).

The species was earlier reported for Kursk Oblast [formerly Kursk Guberniya of the Russian Empire; as Chara capitata Nees, (Ruprecht, 1845: 9)] and Kaliningrad Oblast [formerly Eastern Prussia of the German Empire; as Nitella capitata (Nees) C. Agardh, (Braun, Nordstedt, 1883)] of European Russia. The first record can be checked with a small specimen collected in vicinity of town of Dmitriyev (Chara syncarpa Thuill. ♀, Gub[ernio] Kursk, pr[ope] Dmitrieff, cum Chara vulgari[s] Sm. Leg. Dr. Höfft, acc. 1845. a Küh[le]w[ein] (LE). It is not in good condition and, therefore, its identification as N. capillaris can’t be confirmed as M.M. Hollerbach already noted in their determinative slip. Moreover, the specimen seems to be N. syncarpa (Thuill.) Chev. (det. R. Romanov). The record from Kaliningrad Oblast is doubtful because it was based on sterile specimen collected in vicinity of the village of Jägnitz near the town of Zinten (now the abandoned village of Uzornoe near the settlement of Kornevo; Braun, Nordstedt, 1883: 31) and no vouchers are known. As a result, N. capillaris was tentatively recognized as a species extinct in Russia (Romanov, Volodina, 2015). Therefore, the new record from Pskov Oblast is the first confirmed and recent record of N. capillaris for Russia.

Few nearest localities are known from Belarus only (Vishnyakov et al., 2020), but this species hasn’t recorded from neighboring Finland (Langangen et al., 2002), Estonia (Torn et al., 2015) and Latvia (Zviedre, Grinberga, 2017), and hasn’t confirmed for Lithuania (Kostkevičienė, Sinkevičienė, 2008). The new locality of N. capillaris in Russia is the north-easternmost in species distribution range. The whole species distribution range covers mostly Europe (Armleuchteralgen…, 2016), but N. capillaris do occur in North Africa and North America too [as Nitella capitata var. americana M.C. Choudhary nom. invalid., (Choudhary, 1970); as N. flexilis var. americana M.C. Choudhary in M.C. Choudhary et R.D. Wood, (Choudhary, Wood, 1973; Muller et al., 2017)].

Рис. 1. Nitella capillaris из Псковской области, размоченные растения:
1 – конечные сегменты листьев, 2 – стеблевой узел, стрелкой показано присутствие клеток, выступающих из узла и окружающих базальную клетку листа, 3, 4 – конечные сегменты листа со слоем слизи (стрелки), прерывистым в результате подготовки образцов к изучению, двойной стрелкой показана зрелая ооспора, вид сбоку, 5, 6 – вершины конечных сегментов листа.
Масштаб: 1–3, 5, 6 – 200 мкм, 4 – 400 мкм. Фото Р.Е. Романова

Fig. 1. Nitella capillaris from Pskov Oblast, rewetted plants: 1 – dactyls, 2 – stem node, arrowhead indicates presence of cells extending from the node and surrounding basal cell of the branchlet, 3, 4 – dactyls with mucilage envelope (arrowhead) discontinuous as a result of specimen treatment for study, double arrowhead indicates lateral view of ripe oospore, 5, 6 – ends of dactyls.
Scale: 1–3, 5, 6 – 200 μm, 4 – 400 μm. Photos by R.E. Romanov.

The possible rarity of the species at eastern border of its distribution range (Borisova et al., 2016; Vishnyakov et al., 2020; our data) as well as its narrow ecological niche and low competitive ability in comparison with other aquatic macrophytes (Armleuchteralgen…, 2016) in combination with low species tolerance to anthropogenic threats, although not yet receiving an estimate at single known locality in Russia, are enough evidence for species protection. Therefore, N. capillaris is suggested for inclusion in Red Data Books of Pskov Oblast and Russia.

Acknowledgements. The curators of the herbaria listed above are kindly acknowledged for their encouragement and guidance. This work was supported by project АААА-А18-118022090078-2 of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and state order for the Institute for Water and Environmental Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences according to the research project No. 121031200178-8, and finished under support by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-04-00280.

Первый автор благодарен кураторам цитируемых гербариев за их помощь и руководство.

Работа выполнена при поддержке государственного задания БИН РАН, проект АААА-А18-118022090078-2 «Гербарные фонды БИН РАН (история, сохранение, изучение и пополнение)» и ИВЭП СО РАН, проект № 121031200178-8, завершена при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований, проект № 20-04-00280.

No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов, требующего раскрытия в данной статье.

Список литературы

1. Борисова О.В., Паламар-Мордвинцева Г.М., Царенко П.М. Флора водоростей Украïни. Т. 12. Харофiтовi водоростi. Вип. 2. – Kиïv, 2016. – 282с.
2. Вишняков В.С., Савицкая К.Л., Латышев С.Э. Новые находки харовых водорослей (Characeae) в Беларуси // Новости систематики низших растений. 2020. Т. 54, вып. 2. С. 321–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2020.54.2.321
3. Романов Р.Е., Володина А.А. Изученность харовых водорослей (Streptophyta: Charophyceae, Charales) Калининградской области // Проблемы систематики и географии водных растений: материалы международной конференции (Борок, 21–24 окт. 2015 г.). – Ярославль, 2015. – С. 66–67.
4. Armleuchteralgen. Die Characeen Deutschlands. – Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Spektrum, 2016. – 618 s. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47797-7
5. Braun A., Nordstedt O. Fragmente einer Monographie der Characeen // Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. 1883. 211 S., Pl. I–VII.
6. Choudhary M.C. Nitella capitata (Ness) Ag. var. americana var. nov. from the southeastern United States // Phykos. 1970. Vol. 9. P. 86–88.
7. Choudhary M.C., Wood R.D. The Characeae of Southeastern United States // American Midland Naturalist. 1973. Vol. 90, No. 2. P. 413–446.
8. Kostkevičienė J., Sinkevičienė Z. A preliminary checklist of Lithuanian macroalgae // Botanica Lithuanica. 2008. Vol. 14, No. 1. P. 11–27.
9. Langangen A., Koistinen M., Blindow I. The charophytes of Finland // Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. 2002. Vol. 78. P. 17–48.
10. Muller S.D., Rhazi L., Soulie-Märsche I., Benslama M., Bottollier-Curtet M., Daoud-Bouattour A., De Belair G., Ghrabi-Gammar Z., Grillas P., Paradis L., Zouaïdia-Abdelkassa H. Diversity and distribution of Characeae in the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia) // Cryptogamie Algologie. 2017. Vol. 38, No. 3. P. 201–251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7872/crya/v38.iss3.2017.201
11. Romanov R.E., Nikulin V.Yu., Yeo R.S.W., Ho B.C., Gontcharov A.A. Nitella singaporensis (Charophyceae, Charales): new species and implications for the taxonomy of the genus Nitella // Phytotaxa. 2020. Vol. 438, №2. P. 080–094. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.438.2.2
12. Ruprecht F.J. Distributio cryptogamarum vascularium in Imperio Rossico // Beiträge zur Pflanzenkunde des Russischen Reiches. 1845. Lief. 3. P. 1–56.
13. Thiers B. Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. 2021. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ [continuously updated; accessed 01.04.2021].
14. Torn K., Kovtun-Kante A., Herkül K., Martin G., Mäemets H. Distribution and predictive occurrence model of charophytes in Estonian waters // Aquatic Botany. 2015. Vol. 120A. P. 142–149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2014.05.005
15. Zviedre E., Grinberga L. The genus Nitella distribution and ecology in Latvia // 21st Meeting of the Group of European Charophytologists (18–22 September 2017, València, Spain). Program & abstracts. – Valencia, 2017. – P. 24.

Статья поступила в редакцию 20.06.2021
После доработки 21.11.2021
Статья принята к публикации 22.11.2021

Об авторах

Романов Роман Евгеньевич – Roman E. Romanov

кандидат биологических наук
старший научный сотрудник, Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова РАН, Санкт-Петербург, Россия (Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, St. Petersburg); Институт водных и экологических проблем Сибирского отделения РАН, Барнаул, Россия (Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of RAS, Barnaul, Russia)

romanov_r_e@mail.ru

Судницына Диана Николаевна – Diana N. Sudnitsyna

кандидат биологических наук
ведущий научный сотрудник, Псковский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии – ВНИРО, Псков, Россия (Pskov Department of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography – VNIRO, Pskov, Russia)

romanov_r_e@mail.ru

Корреспондентский адрес: 197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 2, БИН РАН, тел. (812) 372-54-43.

ССЫЛКА:

Романов Р.Е., Судницына Д.Н. Nitella capillaris (Krock.) J. Groves et Bull.-Webst. (Charophyceae, Charales) в России: первая подтвержденная находка вида // Вопросы современной альгологии. 2021. № 2 (26). P. 102–107. URL: http://algology.ru/1739

DOI – https://doi.org/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-2(26)-102-107

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Nitella capillaris (Krock.) J. Groves et Bull.-Webst. (Charophyceae, Charales)
in Russia: the first confirmed species record

Roman E. Romanov^1,2, Diana N. Sudnitsyna³

¹Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia)
²Institute for Water and Environmental Problems SB RAS (Barnaul, Russia)
³Pskov Department of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography – VNIRO
(Pskov, Russia)

The species Nitella capillaris was reliably found in Russia. It was earlier known from two uncheckable records of ninetieth century from Kaliningrad and Kursk Oblasts. Its new locality in Pskov Oblast is the north-easternmost one in species distribution range. The species was suggested for protection in Russia.

Keywords: Characeae; Nitella capillaris; distribution; protection; the Red Data Book; Pskov Oblast; European Russia

References

1. Armleuchteralgen. Die Characeen Deutschlands. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016. 618 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47797-7
2. Borisova O.V., Palamar-Mordvintseva G.M., Tsarenko P.M. Flora algarum Ucrainicae. Charophyta. Vol. 12(2). Charophyta. Fasc. 2. Kyiv, 2016. 282 p. (in Ukr.)
3. Braun A., Nordstedt O. Fragmente einer Monographie der Characeen. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. 1883. 211 S., Pl. I–VII.
4. Choudhary M.C. Nitella capitata (Ness) Ag. var. americana var. nov. from the southeastern United States. Phykos. 1970. Vol. 9. P. 86–88.
5. Choudhary M.C., Wood R.D. The Characeae of Southeastern United States. American Midland Naturalist. 1973. Vol. 90, No. 2. P. 413–446.
6. Kostkevičienė J., Sinkevičienė Z. A preliminary checklist of Lithuanian macroalgae. Botanica Lithuanica. 2008. Vol. 14, No. 1. P. 11–27.
7. Langangen A., Koistinen M., Blindow I. The charophytes of Finland. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. 2002. Vol. 78. P. 17–48.
8. Muller S.D., Rhazi L., Soulie-Märsche I., Benslama M., Bottollier-Curtet M., Daoud-Bouattour A., De Belair G., Ghrabi-Gammar Z., Grillas P., Paradis L., Zouaïdia-Abdelkassa H. Diversity and distribution of Characeae in the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia). Cryptogamie Algologie. 2017. Vol. 38, No. 3. P. 201–251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7872/crya/v38.iss3.2017.201
9. Romanov R.E., Nikulin V.Yu., Yeo R.S.W., Ho B.C., Gontcharov A.A. Nitella singaporensis (Charophyceae, Charales): new species and implications for the taxonomy of the genus Nitella. Phytotaxa. 2020. Vol. 438, No. 2. P. 080–094. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.438.2.2
10. Romanov R.E., Volodina A.A. Izuchennost' harovyh vodoroslej (Streptophyta: Charophyceae, Charales) Kaliningradskoj oblasti [State of knowledge of charophytes (Streptophyta: Charophyceae, Charales) in the Kaliningrad Oblast]. Problemy sistematiki i geografii vodnyh rastenij [Problems of taxonomy and geography of aquatic plants]: Proceedings of International conference. (Borok, 21–24 Oct. 2015). Yaroslavl, 2015. P. 66–67. (In Russ.).
11. Ruprecht F.J. Distributio cryptogamarum vascularium in Imperio Rossico. Beiträge zur Pflanzenkunde des Russischen Reiches. 1845. Lief. 3. P. 1–56.
12. Thiers B. Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. 2021. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ [continuously updated; accessed 01.04.2021].
13. Torn K., Kovtun-Kante A., Herkül K., Martin G., Mäemets H. Distribution and predictive occurrence model of charophytes in Estonian waters. Aquatic Botany. 2015. Vol. 120A. P. 142–149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2014.05.005
14. Vishnyakov V.S., Savitskaya K.L., Latyshev S.E. New records of stoneworts (Characeae) in Belarus. Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii [Novitates Systematicae Plantarum non Vascularium]. 2020. Vol. 54, iss. 2. P. 321–335. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2020.54.2.321
15. Zviedre E., Grinberga L. The genus Nitella distribution and ecology in Latvia. 21st Meeting of the Group of European Charophytologists (18–22 September 2017, València, Spain). Program & abstracts. Valencia, 2017. P. 24.

Authors

Romanov Roman E.

ORCID – http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-3586; eLIBRARY AuthorID – 152247

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, St. Petersburg;
Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of RAS, Barnaul, Russia

romanov_r_e@mail.ru

Sudnitsyna Diana N.

eLIBRARY AuthorID – 734330

Pskov Department of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography – VNIRO, Pskov, Russia

romanov_r_e@mail.ru

ARTICLE LINK:

Romanov R.E., Sudnitsyna D.N. Nitella capillaris (Krock.) J. Groves et Bull.-Webst. (Charophyceae, Charales) in Russia: the first confirmed species record. Voprosy sovremennoi algologii (Issues of modern algology). 2021. № 2 (26). P. 102–107. URL: http://algology.ru/1739

DOI – https://doi.org/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-2(26)-102-107

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